& Chronic Pain
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Restless Leg Syndrome & Periodic Limb Movements
RLS and PLM disorders are both classified as sleeping disorders. Their signs and symptoms are overlapping. One of the differences between the two is that PLM only occurs while sleeping but RLS can occur while sleeping or awake.
RLS lead to sensations in the lower leg that make it uncomfortable unless you move your leg. These sensations usually occur at night when you lie down. They are described by such characteristics as "creepy, crawly, aching, searing and tingling". It is common that certain vitamin and mineral deficiencies (such as Iron, Vitamin B, Magnesium) lead to RLS.
PLM can range from small movements in feet and ankles to more wild flailing movements (usually observed in the legs and feet). Patients suffering from PLM often have other medical problems such as Parkinsons or narcolepsy. A sleep study can be useful in diagnosing this disease.
Treatment of both RLS and PLM involve home therapy such as warm baths, mild exercise and massage. A balanced nutrition is important. Making sure enough vitamins and minerals are consumed cam make a difference. Limiting caffeine, alcohol and cigarettes have proven effective.
Concurrently, medications can be utilized if the home therapy is not sufficient by itself. Anti-parkinson's medications have been effective in treating the symptoms of these disorders and allow for a more restful sleep.
All medications affect the dopamine level by some mechanism. The 2 most commonly used (and FDA approved) medications are Mirapex and Requip. Other medications are also available but as with all medications side effects need to be considered.